• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a composite plate (100) comprising a functional element (5) having electrically controllable optical properties, comprising: - a stack sequence formed from an outer plate (1), a first intermediate layer (3a), a second intermediate layer (3b), and an inner plate (2), wherein the intermediate layers (3a, 3b) contain at least one thermoplastic polymer film with at least one plasticizer, and - a functional element (5) having Electrically controllable optical properties are arranged between the first intermediate layer (3a) and the second intermediate layer (3b) at least in sections, between the first intermediate layer (3a) and the functional element (5) as well as between the functional element. (5) and the second intermediate layer (3b), at least one barrier film (4, 4a, 4b) is arranged which has at least in sections a u projection in addition to the functional element (5).
    公开号:BR112019010914A2
    申请号:R112019010914
    申请日:2018-02-28
    公开日:2019-11-26
    发明作者:Dröge Alicia；Klein Marcel
    申请人:Saint Gobain；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    , “COMPOSITE PLATE UNDERSTANDING FUNCTIONAL ELEMENT HAVING ELECTRICALLY CONTROLLABLE OPTICAL PROPERTIES [001] The invention relates to a composite plate comprising a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties and in particular a windshield with an electrically controllable solar display.
    [002] In the vehicle sector and in the construction sector, composite boards with electrically controllable functional elements are generally used as sunscreen or as privacy screens.
    [003] Thus, for example, windshields are known in which a solar visor is integrated in the form of a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties. In particular, the transmittance or spreading properties of electromagnetic radiation in the visible range are electrically controllable. The functional elements are usually like film and are laminated inside or glued to a composite plate. In the case of windshields, the driver can control the transmittance behavior of the plate itself in relation to sunlight. In this way, a conventional mechanical sun visor can be dispensed there. As a result, the vehicle's weight can be reduced and space gained in the roof region. In addition, electric control of the solar visor is more convenient than manual folding down of the mechanical solar visor.
    [004] Windshields with said electrically controllable solar displays are, for example, known from WO 2014/086555 A1, DE 102013001334 A1, DE 102005049081 B3, DE 102005007427 A1, and DE 102007027296 A1.
    [005] Typically electrically controllable functional elements contain electrochromic layer structures or single particle device (SPD) films. Other possible additional functional elements for perceiving an electrically controllable sunscreen are then called PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal) functional elements. Its active layer contains liquid crystals that are incorporated into a polymer matrix. When no voltage is applied, the liquid crystals are randomly oriented, resulting in a strong spread of light passing through the active layer. When a voltage is applied to the
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 12/55
    2/29 surface electrodes, liquid crystals line up in a common direction and light transmittance through the active layer is increased. The PDLC functional element acts less by reducing total transmittance, but instead increasing spreading to ensure protection against glare.
    [006] The laminated functional elements of the prior art and, in particular, the PLC functional elements frequently present, in the edge region, undesirable aging phenomenon, such as clarity and changes in shading.
    [007] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved composite plate with a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties which are improved, in particular, in relation to resistance to aging.
    [008] The object of the present invention is realized by a composite plate according to independent claim 1. Preferred embodiments arise from the dependent claims.
    [009] A composite plate according to the invention comprises at least:
    - a stack sequence formed from an outer plate, a first intermediate layer, a second intermediate layer, and an inner plate, the intermediate layers comprising, in each case, at least one thermoplastic polymer film with at least one plasticizer, and
    - a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties is disposed between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer at least in sections, between the first intermediate layer and the functional element as well as between the functional element and the second intermediate layer, at least at least one barrier film is disposed, which has, at least in sections, a protrusion in u beyond the functional element.
    [010] Preferably, a barrier film is disposed in each case between the first intermediate layer and the functional element as well as between the functional element and the second intermediate layer, with each barrier film having, at least in sections, a protrusion in u beyond the functional element and the sections
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 13/55
    3/29 protruding from the barrier film are arranged immediately adjacent to each other and contact each other. The terms "overhang" or "stress" mean, as commonly used, to project beyond something in a lateral (horizontal) direction. In this case, the barrier film projects in the plane of the functional element in addition to the functional element. Here, "lateral" means as commonly used: sideways or laterally.
    [011] The u-protrusion according to the invention consequently differs from an overlapping region, in which the barrier film is, for example, arranged directly in a section on the top or bottom side of the functional element.
    [012] The composite plate may, for example, be the windshield or roof panel of a vehicle or other vehicle glazing, for example, a separate plate on a vehicle, preferably on a rail vehicle or a bus. Alternatively, the composite board can be an architectural glazing, for example, on an external facade of a building or a separate board on a building.
    [013] The terms "outer plate" and "inner plate" arbitrarily describe two different plates. In particular, the outer plate can be referred to as "a first plate" and the inner plate as "a second plate".
    [014] When the composite plate is provided, in a vehicle or building opening window, to separate an interior from the external environment, “internal plate” refers, in the context of the invention, to the plate (second plate) facing the interior (vehicle interior). The “external plate” refers to the plate (first plate) facing the external environment. The invention, therefore, is not restricted to this.
    [015] The composite plate according to the invention includes a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties that are arranged, at least in sections, between a first intermediate layer and a second intermediate layer. The first and second intermediate layers usually have the same dimensions as the outer plate and the inner plate. The functional element is preferably film-like.
    [016] In an advantageous embodiment of a composite board according to
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    4/29 invention, at least one barrier film is disposed in each case between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer, whose barrier film has a protrusion in u beyond the functional element on one side of the edge of the functional element, in two side edges of the functional element, three side edges of the functional element, or all sides (in other words, four or more side edges of the functional element). This means that a barrier film is disposed on the bottom side of the functional element and the other film is disposed on the top side of the functional element. In the projection region, a projection region of the barrier film directly contacts a projection region of the second barrier film. With reference to a film-like functional element, “bottom side” and “top side” mean the two largest surfaces that are arranged parallel to the outer plate and the inner plate, in other words, the outer surface and the inner surface of the element functional. The "lateral edges" describe the surfaces of the functional element happening at least orthogonal, which in functional elements like film, are very thin. Barrier films can cover the top side and / or the bottom side of the functional element only in sections or completely.
    [017] In another advantageous embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention, at least one one-piece barrier film is disposed between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer, the barrier film of which is folded around a lateral edge of the functional element, at least in sections. In film-like functional elements, the “lateral edge” of the functional element is the side surface orthogonal to the bottom side and the top side. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of this composite plate according to the invention, the barrier film has, on another side edge, on two other side edges, or on three other side edges, a U-protrusion in addition to the functional element. In the protrusion region, a protruding region of the barrier film directly contacts a protruding region of the barrier film that is folded around and guided back.
    [018] In another advantageous embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention, two, three, four or more barrier films are disposed between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer, whose barrier films are
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    5/29 folded around two, three, four, or more side edges of the functional element.
    [019] The one or more barrier films can cover the functional element in sections or completely.
    [020] In another advantageous embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention, two, three, four, or more barrier films are welded together and form a pocket, in which the functional element is arranged completely or in sections.
    [021] In an advantageous embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention, the u-protrusion of the barrier film in addition to the functional element is at least 0.5 mm, preferably at least 2 mm, particularly preferably at least 5 mm , and in particular at least 10 mm. The projection in u is thus determined in its lateral dimension parallel to the two major dimensions of the functional element or the composite plate.
    [022] In an advantageous embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention, the u-protrusion of the barrier film in addition to the functional element is less than 50 mm, preferably less than 30 mm, and particularly preferably less than 20 mm.
    [023] In another advantageous embodiment of a composite sheet according to the invention, the barrier films or several regions of a barrier film are joined together in the region of the projection, preferably pressed together (for example, by laminating in composite board), glued or welded (for example, by local heating). As a result, a sufficient and safe diffusion barrier against plasticizers from the intermediate layer is produced and the turbidity of the edge region of the functional element is reduced or prevented.
    [024] In another advantageous embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention, the barrier films or several regions of a folded barrier film are joined over their entire surface to the adjacent surfaces of the functional and preferably glued element, for example , by an adhesive, in particular, by an acrylic based adhesive, preferably based on acrylate,
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 16/55
    6/29 and more particularly preferably an adhesive that contains more than 50% methyl methacrylate. This has a particular advantage that the sliding of the barrier film during assembly and during lamination is avoided and the barrier film is joined firmly and in an embedded manner to the functional element. As a result, among other things, air inclusions between the barrier film and the functional element are avoided and the optical quality of said composite plates is particularly high.
    [025] In another advantageous embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention, the barrier films (or two regions of a barrier film folded over) are not joined to the surfaces of the functional element, but instead only in the boss region. Preferably, the barrier films are connected to each other in the projection region only in the sections so that during de-aeration during the lamination process, the air trapped between the barrier film and the functional element can escape and no inclusion of air that reduce the quality of the composite board remains.
    [026] The invention is based on the perception by the inventors that the diffusion of plasticizers outside the intermediate layers inside the functional element during the aging results in lighting or a change in transmittance that impairs the overall vision and aesthetics of the plate composite. As a result of sealing the functional element with a barrier film, which prevents or prevents the diffusion of plasticizers outside the intermediate layer in the functional element and in particular on the lateral edge of the functional element, the said aging phenomenon is significantly reduced or prevented completely.
    [027] The sealing in the region of the side edge of the functional element is made either by a pocket-shaped barrier film that is folded around the side edge or by two barrier films (or two regions of the same barrier film or one), which are arranged directly adjacent to each other, making a sand contact with each other, and are pressed against each other (for example, by laminating inside the composite board), are glued (for example, with an adhesive ), or are welded (for example, by local heating).
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    7/29 [028] In an advantageous embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention, the intermediate plate contains a polymer, preferably a thermoplastic polymer.
    [029] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of a composite board according to the invention, the intermediate board contains at least 3% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, particularly preferably at least 20% by weight, even more preferably by at least 30% by weight, and especially at least 40% by weight of a plasticizer. Preferably, the plasticizer contains, or consists of triethylene glycol-bis- (ethyl 2-hexanoate).
    [030] Plasticizers are chemicals that make plastics softer, more flexible, softer, and / or more elastic. They change the thermoelastic range of plastics to lower temperatures so that plastics have the most desired elastic properties in the temperature range of use. Other preferred plasticizers are carboxylic acid esters, in particular low volatility carboxylic acid esters, greases, oils, soft resins, and camphor. Other plasticizers are preferably aliphatic diesters of th or tetraethylene glycol. Particularly preferably used as plasticizers are 3G7, 3G8, or 4G7, where the first digit indicates the number of ethylene glycol units and the last digit indicates the number of carbon atoms in the carboxylic acid portion of the composition. Thus, 3G8 represents triethylene glycol-bis- (ethyl 2-hexanoate), in other words, a compound of the formula C4H9CH (CH2CH3) CO (ΟΟΗ 2 ΟΗ 2 ) 3θ2θΟΗ (GH 2 GH 3 ) C4H9.
    [031] In another particularly advantageous embodiment of a composite board according to the invention, the intermediate layer contains at least 60% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, particularly preferably at least 90% by weight, and especially by at least 97% by weight of polyvinyl butyral.
    [032] The thickness of each intermediate layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm, in particular from 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, for example, 0.38 mm.
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    8/29 [033] In an advantageous embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention, the barrier film is implemented in a way that prevents the diffusion of plasticizers outside the intermediate layer through the barrier film.
    [034] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention, the barrier film is less in plasticizers, preferably with a plasticizer content of less than 3% by weight, particularly preferably less than 1% by weight, and in particular less than 0.5% by weight. More particularly preferred, the barrier film is free of plasticizer, in other words, without deliberate addition of a plasticizer. The barrier film contains or consists of a polymer, preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF). The barrier film can also contain low plasticizer polyvinyl butyral (PVB) with a plasticizer content of less than 3% by weight.
    [035] The typically controllable functional element comprises an active layer between two surface electrodes. The active layer has controllable optical properties that can be controlled through the voltage applied to the surface electrodes. The surface electrodes and the active layer are typically arranged substantially parallel to the surfaces of the outer plate and the inner plate. The surface electrodes are electrically connected to an external voltage source in a manner known to itself. The electrical contact is made by means of compatible connection cables, for example, ribbon conductors that are optionally connected to the surface electrodes through the so-called busbars, for example, strips of an electrically conductive material or electrically conductive impression.
    [036] Surface electrodes are preferably designed as electrically transparent conductive layers. The surface electrodes preferably contain at least one metal, a metal alloy, or a transparent conductive oxide (TCO). Surface electrodes may contain, for example, silver, gold, copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, indium tin oxide (ITO), gallium or aluminum doped zinc oxide and / or tin doped oxide fluorine
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    9/29 or with antimony. The surface electrodes are preferably 10 nm to 2 pm thick, particularly preferably 20 nm to 1 pm, more particularly preferably 30 nm to 500 nm.
    [037] The functional element may have, in addition to the active layer and the surface electrodes, other layers known by itself, for example, barrier layers, blocking layers, anti-reflective layers, protective layers, and / or smoothed layers.
    [038] The functional element is preferably present as a multilayer film with two external carrier films. In said multilayer film, the surface electrodes and the active layer are disposed between the two carrier films. Here, "external carrier film" means that the carrier films form the two surfaces of the multilayer film. The functional element can thus be supplied as a laminated film which can be processed advantageously. The functional element is advantageously protected by the carrier films against damage, in particular corrosion. The multilayer film contains, in the order indicated, at least one carrier film, one surface electrode, one active layer, another surface electrode, and another carrier film. The carrier film in particular carries the surface electrodes and gives a liquid or soft active layer the necessary mechanical stability.
    [039] The carrier films preferably contain at least one thermoplastic polymer, particularly preferably polyethylene terephthalate with low plasticizer or free of plasticizer (PET). This is particularly advantageous in terms of the stability of the multilayer film. However, carrier films may also contain or be made of low-plasticizer or plasticizer-free polymers, for example, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), propylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin , foundry resins, acrylates, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl fluoride, and / or ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene. The thickness of each barrier film is preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.
    [040] Typically, conveyor films have in each case a coating
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    10/29 electrically conductive that faces the active layer and acts as a surface electrode.
    [041] In another advantageous embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention, the functional element is a PDLC functional element (liquid crystal dispersed by polymer). The active layer of a PDLC functional element contains liquid crystals that are embedded in a polymer matrix. When no voltage is applied to the surface electrodes, the liquid crystals are randomly oriented, resulting in a strong spread of light passing through the active layer. When a voltage is applied to the surface electrodes, the liquid crystals align in a common direction and the light transmittance through the active layer is increased.
    [042] In principle, however, it is also possible to use other types of controllable functional elements, for example, electrochromic functional elements or SPD (suspended particle device) functional elements. The controllable functional elements mentioned and their mode of operation are known by themselves to one skilled in the art so that a detailed description can be dispensed with at this point.
    [043] The functional element like multilayer films are commercially available. The functional element to be integrated is typically cut from a multilayer film of relatively larger dimensions in the desired shape and size. This can be done mechanically, for example, with a knife. In an advantageous mode, the cut is made using a laser. It has been shown that, in this case, the lateral edge is more stable than with mechanical cutting. With the mechanically cut side edges, there may be a risk that the material will pull back, which is visually noticeable and adversely affects the aesthetics of the board.
    [044] The functional element is joined to the outer plate through a region of the first intermediate layer and to the inner plate through a region of the second intermediate layer. The intermediate layers are preferably arranged one above the other and laminated to each other, with the functional element inserted between the two layers. The middle tier regions
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    11/29 superimposing the functional element then forms the regions that join the functional element to the plates. In other regions of the plate where the intermediate layers are in direct contact with each other, they can fuse during lamination so that the original two layers are possibly no longer discernible and there is, instead, a homogeneous intermediate layer.
    [045] An intermediate layer can, for example, be formed by a simple thermoplastic film. An intermediate layer can also be formed as two layers, three layers, or a stack of multilayer films, with individual films having the same properties or different properties. An intermediate layer can also be formed from sections of different thermoplastic films having adjacent side edges.
    [046] In an advantageous development of a composite board according to the invention, the region of the first and second layers, through which the functional element is joined to the outer board or the inner board, is dyed or colored. The transmittance of this region in the visible spectral range is thus reduced compared to an untinted or uncolored layer. The dyed / colored region of the middle layer thus reduces the transmittance of the windshield in the region of the sun visor. In particular, the aesthetic impression of the functional element is improved because the dyeing results in a more neutral appearance, which has a more pleasant effect on the viewer.
    [047] In the context of the invention, "electrically controllable optical properties" means properties that are infinitely controllable, but also those that can be switched between two or more discrete states.
    [048] The electrical control of the solar display is done, for example, using switches, rotary buttons, or sliders that are integrated into the vehicle's control panel. However, a switching area for controlling the sun visor can also be integrated into the windshield, for example, a capacity switching area. Alternatively, or in addition, the sun visor can be controlled by non-contact methods, for example, by gesture recognition, or as a function of the pupil or eyelid status detected by a camera and evaluation electronics
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    12/29 compatible. Alternatively, or in addition, the solar display can be controlled by sensors that detect the incidence of light on the plate.
    [049] The dyed or colored region of the intermediate plate preferably has transmittance in the visible spectral range of 10% to 50%, particularly from 20% to 40%. With this, particularly good results are achieved in terms of protection against glare and visual appearance.
    [050] The intermediate layer can be formed by a simple thermoplastic film, the dyed or colored region being produced by a local dyeing or coloring. Said films can be obtained, for example, by coextrusion. Alternatively, a section of undyed film and a section of dyed or colored film can be combined to form the thermoplastic layer.
    [051] The dyed or colored region can be colored or dyed homogeneously, in other words, it can have transmittance independent of location. Dyeing or coloring may, however, not be homogeneous, in particular a transmittance profile can be performed. In one embodiment, the level of transmittance decreases in the dyed or colored region, at least in sections, with the distance from the upper edge increased. In this way, the sharp edges of the dyed or colored area can be avoided so that the transition from the sun visor to the transparent area of the windshield is gradual, looking more aesthetically attractive.
    [052] In an advantageous mode, the region of the first intermediate layer, that is, the region between the functional element and the outer plate is dyed. This gives a particularly aesthetic impression when the outer plate is viewed from above. The region of the second intermediate layer between the functional element and the inner plate can optionally be additionally colored or dyed.
    [053] The composite plate having an electrically controllable functional element can advantageously be implemented as a windshield with an electrically controllable solar display.
    [054] Said windshield has an upper edge and a lower edge as well as two lateral edges extending between the upper edge and the lower edge. “Top edge” refers to that edge that you want to point up in the position of
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    13/29 installation. “Bottom edge” refers to that edge that you want to point down at the installation position. The top edge is generally referred to as the "roof edge"; the bottom edge as “engine edge”.
    [055] Windshields have a central field of view, the optical quality of which is subject to high requirements. The central field of view must have a high light transmittance (typically greater than 70%). Said central field of view is, in particular, that field of view that is referred to by one skilled in the art as field of view B, area of view B, or zone B. Field of view B and its technical requirements are specified in Regulation No. 43 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UN / ECE) (ECE-R43, “Uniform Provisions Regarding the Approval of Safe Glass Materials and Their Installation in Vehicles”). There, field of view B is defined in Annex 18.
    [056] The functional element is advantageously arranged above the central field of view (field of view B). This means that the functional element is arranged in the region between the central field of view and the upper edge of the windshield. The functional element does not have to cover the entire area, but is positioned completely within this area, and does not protrude into the central field of view. In other words, the functional element is less distant from the upper edge of the windshield than the central field of view. In this way, the transmittance of the central field of view is not affected by the functional element that is positioned in a location similar to that of a conventional mechanical sun visor in the folded down state.
    [057] The windshield is preferably supplied for a motor vehicle, particularly preferably for a passenger car.
    [058] In a preferred embodiment, the functional element, more precisely the lateral edges of the functional element are circumferentially surrounded by a third intermediate layer. The third intermediate layer is designed as a structure with a recess in which the functional element is inserted. The third intermediate layer can also be formed by a thermoplastic film in which the recess is introduced by cutting. Alternatively, the third intermediate layer can also be composed of a plurality of sections of film in
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    14/29 around the functional element. The intermediate layer is preferably formed from a total of at least three thermoplastic layers arranged areally above one another, the middle layer having a recess in which the functional element is arranged. During production, the third intermediate layer is disposed between the first and the second intermediate layer with the lateral edges of all the intermediate layers preferably arranged in a congruent manner. The third intermediate layer is preferably approximately the same thickness as the functional element. In this way, the local difference in the thickness of the windshield, which is introduced by the locally limited functional element, is compensated in such a way as to avoid breaking the glass during lamination.
    [059] The side edges of the functional element visible when viewed through the windshield are preferably flush with the third intermediate layer so that no space exists between the side edge of the functional element and the side edge associated with the intermediate layer. This is particularly true for the bottom edge of the functional element, which is typically visible. Thus, the boundary between the third intermediate layer and the functional element is less visually noticeable.
    [060] In a preferred embodiment, the lower edges of the functional element and the dyed region of the intermediate layer (s) is adapted to the shape of the upper edge of the windshield, producing a more attractive visual impression. Since the upper edge of a windshield is typically curved, in particular concave curved, the lower edge of the functional element and the dyed region are also preferably curved. Particularly preferably, the lower edges of the functional element are substantially parallel to the upper edge of the windshield. It is, however, also possible to construct the solar viewfinder from two halves, each line arranged at an angle relative to each other, and forming a virtually V-shaped upper edge.
    [061] In one embodiment of the invention, the functional element is divided into two segments by isolation lines. Insulation lines are introduced, in particular, into the surface electrodes so that the segments of the
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    15/29 surface are isolated from each other. The individual segments are connected to the voltage source independently of each other so that they can be driven separately. In this way, regions other than the solar display can be switched independently. Particularly preferably, the insulation lines and segments are arranged horizontally in the installation position. In this way, the height of the solar display can be controlled by the user. The term "horizontal" should be interpreted widely here and refers to an extension direction that, on a windshield, runs between the side edges of the windshield. The insulation lines do not necessarily have to be straight, but they can also be slightly curved, preferably adapted to a possible curvature of the upper edge of the windshield, in particular substantially parallel to the upper edge of the windshield. The vertical insulation lines are, of course, also conceivable.
    [062] The isolation lines have, for example, a width of 5 pm to 500 pm, in particular 20 pm to 200 pm. The width of the segments, that is, the distance between the adjacent insulation lines, can be selected in a compatible manner by one skilled in the art according to the requirements of the individual case.
    [063] Insulation lines can be introduced by laser ablation, mechanical cutting, or chemical attack during the production of the functional element. Multilayer films already laminated can also be subsequently segmented by laser ablation.
    [064] The top edge and the side edges or all the side edges of the functional element are hidden from view through the composite plate, preferably by an opaque masking impression or by an external structure. Windshields typically have a circumferential peripheral masking impression made of an opaque enamel, which serves, in particular, to visually hide the adhesive used for installing the window and to protect it from UV radiation. This peripheral masking impression is preferably also used to hide the top and side edges of the functional element as well as the necessary electrical connections. The sun visor is then advantageously integrated into the appearance of the windshield and only its bottom edge is
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    16/29 potentially discernible to the observer. Preferably, both the outer plate and also the inner plate have a masking impression so that vision through it is prevented from both sides.
    [065] The functional element can also have recesses or holes, for example, in the region of the so-called sensor windows or camera windows. These regions are provided to be equipped with sensors or cameras whose function would be impaired by a controllable functional element in the beam path, for example, rain sensors. It is also possible to notice that the solar display with at least two functional elements separated from each other, with a distance between the functional elements providing space for a sensor window or a camera window.
    [066] The functional element (or the totality of the functional elements in the case described above of a plurality of functional elements) is preferably arranged over the total width of the composite plate or windshield, except in the edge region on both sides having the width of, for example, 2 mm to 20 m. the functional element preferably also has a distance of, for example, 2 mm to 20 mm from the upper edge. The functional element is thus encapsulated within the intermediate layer and protected against contact with the surrounding atmosphere and corrosion.
    [067] The outer plate and the inner plate are preferably made of glass, particularly preferably soda lime glass, as is customary for window panes. The plates can, however, also be made of other types of glass, for example, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, or aluminosilicate glass, or clear rigid plastics, for example, polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate. The plates can be clear or also dyed or colored. Windshields must have adequate light transmittance in the central field of view, preferably at least 70% in the area through primary vision A by ECE-R43.
    [068] The outer plate, the inner plate, and / or the middle layer may have additional compatible coverings known for themselves, for example, anti-reflective covers, non-stick covers, anti-scratch covers, covers
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    17/29 photocatalytic, or sun protection covers, or E-low covers.
    [069] The thickness of the outer plate and the inner plate can vary widely and thus be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. The outer plate and the inner plate preferably have thicknesses from 0.5 mm to 5 mm, particularly preferably 1 mm to 3 mm.
    [070] The invention also includes a method for producing a composite board according to the invention, at least
    a) an outer plate, a first intermediate layer, a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties, a second intermediate layer, and an inner plate are arranged one above the other in this order, with a barrier film being disposed between the functional element and the middle layer.
    b) the outer plate and the inner plate are joined by lamination, an intermediate layer with an embedded functional element being formed from the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer.
    [071] The electrical contact of the surface electrodes of the functional element is preferably made before laminating the composite plate.
    [072] Any impression that is present, for example, opaque masking impression or printed busbars for the electrical contact to contact the functional element are preferably applied by the screen impression.
    [073] The lamination is done preferably under the action of heat, vacuum, and / or pressure. Methods known per se can be used for lamination, for example, autoclave methods, vacuum bag methods, vacuum ring methods, table methods, vacuum laminators, or combinations thereof.
    [074] In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, before step a), a first barrier film and the first intermediate layer and / or a second barrier film and the second barrier layer are glued together , for example, with an acrylic or acrylate adhesive. Said fixed barrier films can be more easily and more precisely processed, in particular with automation.
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 28/55
    18/29 [075] The invention further includes the use of a composite plate according to the invention having an electrically controllable functional element such as the inner glass or the outer glass in a vehicle or construction, the electrically controllable functional element being used as a solar screen or as a privacy screen.
    [076] The invention additionally includes the use of a composite plate according to the invention as a windshield or roof panel of a vehicle, the electrically controllable functional element being used as a sun visor.
    [077] A major advantage of the invention, with the composite plates as a windshield, is that a folding solar visor mechanically mounted on the roof of a conventional vehicle can be dispensed with. Consequently, the invention also includes a vehicle, preferably a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car, which does not have said conventional sun visor.
    [078] The invention also includes the use of a dyed or colored region of an intermediate layer to join a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties with an external plate or an internal windshield plate, an electrically controllable solar display being perceived through the dyed or colored region of the intermediate layer and the functional element.
    [079] The invention is explained in detail with reference to the drawings and exemplary modalities. The drawings are schematic representations and not real to scale. The drawings in no way restrict the invention.
    [080] Figure 1A is a plan view of a first embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention.
    [081] Figure 1B is a cross-sectional view through the composite plate of Figure 1A along section line X-X '.
    [082] Figure 1C is an enlarged view of the Z region of figure 1B.
    [083] Figure 2 is a cross section through a development of a composite plate according to the invention.
    [084] Figure 3A is a plan view of another embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention.
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 29/55
    19/29 [085] Figure 3B is a cross section through the composite plate of figure 3A along the section line X-X '.
    [086] Figure 3C is an enlarged view of the Z region of figure 3B.
    [087] Figure 3D is an enlarged view of the Z region of an alternative embodiment according to the invention of figure 3B.
    [088] Figure 4 is a cross section through a development of a composite plate according to the invention.
    [089] Figure 5A is a plan view of another embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention as a windshield with a solar display.
    [090] Figure 5B is a cross section through the composite plate of Figure 5A along the section line X-X '.
    [091] Figure 5C is an enlarged view of the Z region of figure 5B.
    [092] Figure 6 is a plan view of another embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention as a windshield with a solar display.
    [093] Figure 7 is an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention with reference to the flow chart.
    [094] Figure 8 is an example, comparative, a cross section through a previous technique of the composite plate.
    [095] Figure 1A, figure 1B, and figure 1C depict in each case a detail of a composite plate 100 according to the invention. The composite plate 100 comprises an outer plate 1 and an inner plate 2 which are joined together through a first intermediate layer 3a and a second intermediate layer 3b. The outer plate 1 is 2.1 mm thick and is made, for example, of clear lime soda glass. The inner plate 2 is 1.6 mm thick and is also made, for example, of clear lime soda glass. Composite plate 100 has a first edge referenced with D which is called "top edge" in the following. The composite plate 100 has a second edge referenced with an M that is disposed opposite the top edge D and is called the "bottom edge" in the following. Composite board 100 can be arranged, for example, as architectural glass in a window frame with other boards to form a unit
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 30/55
    20/29 of insulating glass.
    [096] A functional element 5 that is controllable in its optical properties through an electrical voltage is disposed between the first intermediate layer 3a and the second intermediate layer 3b. For the sake of simplicity, electrical conduits are not shown.
    [097] Controllable functional element 5 is, for example, a PDLC multilayer film consisting of an active layer 11 between the two surface electrodes, 12, 13 and two carrier films 14, 15. The active layer 11 contains a polymer matrix with liquid crystals dispersed there that are oriented as a function of the electrical voltage applied to the surface electrodes, by which it means that the optical properties can be controlled. Conveyor films 14, 15 are made of PET and have a thickness of, for example, 0.125 mm. The carrier films 14, 15 are provided with an ITO cover facing the active layer 11 and having a thickness of approximately 100 nm that forms the surface electrodes 12, 13. The surface electrodes can be connected to the vehicle's electrical system through busbars (not shown) (formed, for example, by a screen print containing silver) and connection cables (not shown).
    [098] The intermediate layers 3a, 3b comprise in each case a thermoplastic film with a thickness of 0.38 mm. The intermediate plates 3a, 3b are made, for example, of 78% by weight of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and 20% by weight of triethylene glycol bis (ethyl 2-hexanoate) as a plasticizer.
    [099] A barrier film 4A is disposed between the first intermediate layer 3a and the functional element 5. Furthermore, another barrier film 4b is disposed between the functional element 5 and the second intermediate layer 3b. barrier films 4a, 4b have, for example, a u-protrusion around them, for example, 5 mm in addition to the functional element 5. Here, “all-around” means that there is a u-protrusion over each side edge 5.1,5.2, 5.4 of the functional element 5. In the projection region the sections of the barrier film 4a make direct contact with the opposite sections of the barrier film 4b. By means of overlapping all around, the functional element 5 is completely surrounded and sealed by the barrier film 4a, 4b.
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 31/55
    21/29 [0100] Barrier film 4a, 4b is made here, for example, substantially of PET, in other words up to at least 97% by weight. The barrier film 4a, 4b contains less than 0.5% by weight of plasticizer and is compatible to reduce or prevent diffusion of the plasticizer outside the intermediate layers 3a, 3b on the side edges 5.1,5.2, 5.3, 5.4 in the layer functional 5.
    [0101] In aging tests, said composite plates 100 show a significantly reduced luminosity in the region of the edge of the functional element 5, since the diffusion of the plasticizer outside the intermediate layers 3a, 3b in the functional element 5 and a resulting degradation of the functional element 5 is avoided.
    [0102] In an advantageous development of the composite plate 100 according to the invention, adhesive means, for example, an acrylate based adhesive, which adheres the barrier films 4a, 4b adherently to the adjacent carrier films 14, 15 or for the opposite barrier film 4a, 4b is disposed between the barrier film 4a and the functional element 5, between the barrier film 4b and the functional element 5 and the sections of the barrier films 4a, 4b making contact with each other . The adhesive connection prevents the barrier film 4a, 4b from slipping during assembly. At the same time, the inclusion of air bubbles and the resulting visual distractions or deficiencies are avoided since the barrier film 4a, 4b rests evenly on the functional element 5.
    [0103] Figure 2 depicts a development of the composite plate 100 according to the invention of figure 1A-C. the composite plate 100 of figure 2 substantially corresponds to the composite plate 100 of figure 1A-C so that, in the following, only the differences will be discussed.
    [0104] In this embodiment, another, third intermediate layer 3c is arranged in the sections between the first intermediate layer 3a and the second intermediate layer 3b. The third intermediate layer 3c is made, for example, from the same material as the first and the second intermediate layer 3a, 3b. The third intermediate layer has a cut, in which the functional element 5 with the barrier films 4a, 4b is inserted with a precise fit, in other words, leveled by
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 32/55
    22/29 on all sides. The third intermediate layer 3c thus forms a kind of universal structure for the functional element 5. By means of a third intermediate layer 3c, the differences in thickness that result from the material thickness of the functional element 5 and the barrier film 4a, 4b can be compensated. [0105] Figure 3A, figure 3B and figure 3C show in each case a detail of an alternative composite plate 100 according to the invention. Composite plate 100 of figure 3A-C substantially corresponds to composite plate 100 of figure 1A-C so that, in the following, only the differences will be discussed.
    [0106] In contrast to figure 1 AC, on composite plate 100 of figure 3A-C, barrier film 4 is a piece and is folded around a 5.1 side edge of functional element 5 (here, the 5.1 side edge of functional element 5 directly adjacent to edge M of composite plate 100). Here, “folded” means that the barrier film 4 is rotated 180 Q and arranged parallel to itself. The functional element 5 is arranged in the intermediate space thus formed. On all other side edges 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 of the functional element 5, the barrier film 4 has a u-projection of, for example, 10 mm.
    [0107] In an advantageous development of the composite plate 100 according to the invention, an adhesive medium, for example, an acrylate based adhesive, which adheres the barrier films 4 to the carrier films 14, 15 or the film in an adherent manner opposite barrier 4 is disposed between the barrier film 4 and the functional element 5 and the sections of the barrier films 4 making contact with each other. The adhesive connection prevents the barrier film 4 from sliding during assembly. At least, inclusions of air bubbles and resulting visual distractions or damage are avoided since the barrier film 4 rests evenly on the functional element 5.
    [0108] As an alternative to the adhesive media, the two layers or sections of barrier film 4 can be glued together or fused together, for example, by local heating with a hot object, such as an iron solder or similar, only in the projection region. Here, it is advantageous to glue or weld only the sections, for example, at the connection points 7
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 33/55
    23/29 that the air trapped between the barrier film 4 and the functional element 5 can escape during lamination and no air bubbles impair the optical properties of the composite plate 100 in the region of the functional element 5.
    [0109] Figure 3D depicts an enlarged view of the Z region of an alternative embodiment of the invention of figure 3B. in this exemplary embodiment, similarly to figure 3C, the barrier film 4 is a piece and folded around the side edge 5.1 of functional element 5 (here, side edge 5.1 of functional element 5 directly adjacent to edge M of composite plate 100 ). The fold, however, is not well positioned and guided directly along the side edge 5.1, but instead forms a protruding region, in which the upper layer of the barrier film 4 and the lower layer of the barrier film 4 make contact. together. The projection in wm here is, for example, 5.5 mm. On all other side edges 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 of the functional element 5, the barrier film 4 has a u-projection of, for example, 10 mm.
    [0110] Figure 4 depicts a development of the composite plate 100 according to the invention of figure 3A-C. The composite plate 100 of figure 4 substantially corresponds to the composite plate 100 of figure 3A-C so that, in the following, only the differences will be discussed.
    [0111] Similarly to figure 2, in this embodiment, another, third intermediate layer 3c is arranged in the sections between the first intermediate layer 3a and the second intermediate layer 3b. The third intermediate layer 3c is made, for example, of the same material as the first and the second intermediate layer 3a, 3b. The third intermediate layer has a cut, in which the functional element 5 with the barrier film folded around 4 is inserted with a precise fit, in other words, level on all sides. The third intermediate layer 3c thus forms a type of universal structure for the functional element 5. By means of the third intermediate layer 3c, the differences in thickness that result from the thicknesses of the functional element 5 and the barrier film 4 can be compensated. [0112] Figure 5A, figure 5B, and figure 5C depict in each case a detail of an alternative composite plate 100 according to the invention as one for
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 34/55
    24/29 breeze with an electrically controllable solar display. Composite plate 100 of figure 5A-C substantially corresponds to composite plate 100 of figure 1A-C so that, in the following, only the differences will be discussed.
    [0113] The windshield comprises a trapezoid composite plate 100 with an outer plate 1 and an inner plate 2 which are joined together through two intermediate layers 3a, 3b. The outer plate 1 is 2.1 mm thick and made of lime green soda glass. The inner plate 2 is 1.6 mm thick and is made of clear lime soda glass. The windshield has an upper edge D facing the roof in the installation position and a lower edge M facing the engine compartment in the installation position.
    [0114] The windshield is equipped with an electrically controllable functional element 5 such as a sun visor that is arranged in a region above the central field of view B (as defined in ECE-E43). The solar display is formed by a commercially available PDLC multilayer film as a functional element 5 which is embedded in the intermediate layers 3a, 3b. The height of the solar display is, for example, 21 cm. The first intermediate layer 3a is joined to the outer plate 1; the second intermediate layer 3b is joined to the inner plate 2. A third intermediate layer 3c positioned between them has a cut, in which the cut of the PDLC multilayer for the size is inserted with a precise fit, in other words, leveled on all sides. The third intermediate layer 3c thus forms, so to speak, a type of universal structure for the functional element 5, which is thus encapsulated as a whole in a thermoplastic material and is protected all.
    [0115] The first intermediate layer 3a has a tinted region 6 that is arranged between the functional element 5 and the outer plate 1. The light transmittance of the windshield is thus further reduced in the region of the functional element 5 and the milky appearance of the windshield. PDLC 5 functional element is mitigated in the diffusive state. The aesthetics of the windshield are thus significantly more attractive. The first intermediate layer 3a has, in region 6, for example, an average light transmittance of 30%, with which good results are obtained.
    [0116] Region 6 can be dyed evenly. However, it is generally
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 35/55
    25/29 more visually attractive that the dyeing decreases towards the lower edge of the functional element 5 so that the dyed and undyed region translates smoothly with each other.
    [0117] In the case portrayed, the lower edges of the dyed region 6 and the lower edge of the PDLC functional element 5 (here, it is the lateral edge 5.1) are arranged flush with the barrier film 4. However, this is not necessarily the case. It is also possible for the dyed region 6 to project beyond the functional element 5 or, conversely, for the functional element to project beyond the dyed region 6. In the latter case, the entire functional element 5 would not be connected to the outer plate 1 through the dyed region 6.
    [0118] The controllable functional element 5 is a multilayer film consisting of an active layer 11 between two surface electrodes 12, 13 and two conveyor files 14, 15. The active layer 11 includes a polymer matrix with all dispersed liquid crystals, which guides them as a function of the electrical voltage applied to the surface electrodes, by which it means that the optical properties can be controlled. The conveyor films 14,15 are made of PET and have a thickness of, for example, 0.125 mm. The carrier films 14, 15 are provided with an ITO covering facing the active layer 11 with a thickness of approximately 100 nm, which forms the electrodes 12, 13. The electrodes 12, 13 can be connected to the electrical system on board the vehicle through busbars (not shown) (formed, for example, by a screen print containing silver) and connection cables (not shown).
    [0119] The windshield has, as usual, a circumferentially peripheral masking impression 9 which is formed by an opaque enamel on the inner side surfaces (facing the inside of the vehicle in the installation position) of the outer plate 1 and the plate inner 2. The distance of the functional element 5 from the upper edge D and the lateral edges of the windshield is less than the width of the masking print 9 so that the lateral edges of the functional element 5 - with the exception of the lateral edge pointed in the direction to the central field of view B - are covered by the masking print 9. Electrical connections (not shown)
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 36/55
    26/29 are also applied expediently in the region of the masking print 9 and thus hidden.
    [0120] Analogously to figure 3A-C, the barrier film 4 is formed in one piece and folded around one of the edges of functional element 5 (here, side edge 5.1, the edge of functional element 5 directly adjacent to the edge M of composite plate 100). Here, “folded” means that the barrier film 4 is rotated 180 Q and arranged parallel to itself. The functional element 5 is arranged in the intermediate space thus formed. On all other side edges 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 of the functional element 5, the barrier film 4 has a u-projection of, for example, 10 mm. The alternative windshields have only a small projection in the region of the fold over the barrier film 4 on the functional element 5 and are arranged flush with the functional element 5 on the other side edges 5.2, 5.3, 5.4. The lighting and the change in optical properties due to aging occurring there can be covered, for example by a masking impression. The only optically visible lower side edge 5.1 of functional element 5, in which the barrier film 4 is folded back is, however, particularly protected against aging. [0121] A so-called “high flow PVB”, which has a better flow behavior compared to standard PVB films, can preferably be used for intermediate layers 3a, 3b, 3c. The layers flow around the layer 4 film and the functional element 5 better, creating a more homogeneous visual impression, and the transition from functional element 5 to the intermediate layer 3c is less noticeable. The "high flow PVB" can be used for all or even one or more of the intermediate layers 3a, 3b, 3c.
    [0122] Figure 6 shows a plan view of another embodiment of a composite plate 100 according to the invention as a windshield with an electrically controllable solar display. The windshield and the functional element 5 as a controllable solar display substantially corresponds to the modality of figure 5. The functional element PDLC 5 is, however, divided into six strip-like segments by horizontal insulation lines 16. The insulation lines 16 have , for example, a width of 40 pm to 50 pm and a mutual distance of 3.5 cm. They are introduced in a
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 37/55
    27/29 prefabricated multilayer film using a laser. The isolation lines 16 separate, in particular, the electrodes 12, 13 in strips isolated from each other, which in each case has a separate electrical connection. In this way, the segments are interchangeable independently of each other. The thinner the insulation lines 16, the less noticeable they will be. Even the finest isolation lines 16 can be perceived using chemical attack methods.
    [0123] As a result of segmentation, the height of the darkened functional element 5 can be adjusted. In this way, depending on the position of the sun, the driver can darken the sun visor completely or even only a part of it. The figure indicates that the top half of the sun visor is darkened and the bottom half is transparent.
    [0124] In a particularly convenient modality, the functional element 5 is controlled by a capacitive switching surface arranged in the region of the functional element, the driver specifying the degree of darkness by the place where it touches the plate. Alternatively, functional element 5 can also be controlled by non-contact methods, for example, by gestural detection or as a function of the state of the pupil or eyelid determined by a compatible camera and evaluation electronics.
    [0125] Figure 7 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a production method according to the invention with reference to a flow chart.
    [0126] Figure 8 shows a prior art composite plate 100 'of the prior art, as described in figure 4 of WO 2014/086554 A1 and the associated description. A polyimide film is described as a 4 'barrier film (called an edge seal), which goes circumferentially around the lateral edges 5.1,5.2, 5.3, 5.4 of the functional element 5. The polyimide film extends, starting on the lateral edges of the functional element, a few millimeters beyond the surface of the carrier films facing out of the active layer.
    [0127] In the prior art, the polyimide film overlaps the functional element 5. However, there is no region in which the polyimide film has a u-protrusion beyond the functional element 5 and the protruding sections of the polyimide film are arranged
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 38/55
    28/29 directly adjacent to each other and make contact with each other.
    [0128] In the region in which there is a protrusion in a composite plate according to the invention, that is, in which the barrier films 4a, 4b according to the invention or two ends of the barrier film 4 folded around a opposite side edge contacts one another, in the prior art of figure 8, only the polyimide film is guided strongly around the side edge. In other words, in the prior art there is no protrusion according to the invention.
    [0129] Since the prior art polyimide film is folded circumferentially around the side edge region as a whole 5.1.5.2, 5.3, 5.4, cavities, channels, or twists inevitably develop in the polyimide film, in particular, in the corners of the functional element 5. There, the assembly has only degraded diffusion barrier properties. With the assembly of the prior art, this results in an phenomenon of undesirable aging and degradation of the optical properties of the functional element, particularly in the region of the corners of the functional element.
    [0130] With barrier films 4, 4a, 4b according to the invention, barrier films 4, 4a, 4b contact each other realistically and in particular on their surface as a whole in the region of the u-ledge, i.e. ie, in the region where it projects laterally beyond the functional element 5. The sections of the barrier film according to the invention are firmly pressed against each other by the internal pressure in the finished laminated composite plate 100 and fixed, as a result of this the airtight seal occurs.
    [0131] This was unexpected and surprising for those skilled in the art.
    [0132] List of Reference Characters:
    external board internal board
    3rd first intermediate layer
    3b second intermediate layer
    4, 4a, 4b barrier film
    4 ’prior art barrier film
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 39/55
    29/29
    5.1,5.2, 5.3, 5.4 side edge of the functional element 5 tinted region of the first intermediate layer 3rd connection points masking impression active layer of the functional element 5 surface electrode of the functional element 5 surface electrode of the functional element 5 carrier film carrier film insulation lines
    100 composite board
    100 ’prior art composite plate
    B central field of view of the windshield
    D upper edge of the windshield, edge of the roof
    M lower edge of the windshield, engine edge u, ui protrusion
    X-X ’section line
    Z enlarged region
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 40/55
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [1]
    1. Composite plate (100) comprising a functional element (5) having electrically controllable optical properties, characterized by the fact that it comprises:
    - a stack sequence formed from an outer plate (1), a first intermediate layer (3a), a second intermediate layer (3b), and an inner plate (2), in which the intermediate layers (3a, 3b) contain at least least one thermoplastic polymer film with at least one plasticizer, and
    - a functional element (5) having electrically controllable optical properties is arranged between the first intermediate layer (3a) and the second intermediate layer (3b) at least in sections, wherein between the first intermediate layer (3a) and the functional element ( 5) as well as between the functional element (5) and the second intermediate layer (3b), at least one barrier film (4, 4a, 4b) is arranged at least in sections, which has, at least in sections, a protrusion in u in addition to the functional element (5) and the protruding sections of the barrier film (4, 4a, 4b) are arranged immediately adjacent to each other and contact each other.
    [2]
    2. Composite plate (100) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that a barrier film (4a, 4b) is in each case disposed between the first intermediate layer (3a) and the functional element (5) and between the second intermediate layer (3b) and the functional element (5), the barrier film of which has a protruding u-protrusion beyond the functional element (5) and covers the functional element (5) at least in sections and preferably completely.
    [3]
    Composite plate (100) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that at least one barrier film (4) is disposed between the first intermediate layer (3a) and the functional element (5) and between the second layer intermediate (3b) and the functional element (5), whose barrier film is folded at least in sections around a lateral edge (5.1) of the functional element (5) and preferably has a u-protrusion beyond the functional element (5 ) on the other side edges (5.2, 5.3, 5.4).
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    2/4
    [4]
    4. Composite plate (100) according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that at least one barrier film (4) is folded around each side edge (5.1,5.2, 5.3, 5.4) and the barrier films (4) cover the functional element (5) at least in sections and preferably completely.
    [5]
    Composite plate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the intermediate layer (3a, 3b) contains at least 3% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, particularly preferably at least at least 20% by weight, even more preferably at least 30% by weight, and in particular at least 40% by weight of a plasticizer and the plasticizer preferably contains or consists of aliphatic diesters of tri- or tetraethylene glycol, particularly preferably triethylene glycol- bis- (ethyl 2-hexanoate).
    [6]
    Composite plate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the intermediate layer (3a, 3b) contains at least 60% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, particularly preferably by minus 90% by weight, and in particular at least 97% by weight of polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
    [7]
    Composite plate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the functional element (5) is a liquid crystal film dispersed in polymer (PDLC).
    [8]
    8. Composite plate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the barrier film (4) is implemented in a way that prevents the diffusion of the plasticizer through the barrier film (4).
    [9]
    Composite plate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the barrier film (4, 4a, 4b) is low in plasticizer or free from plasticizer and preferably contains or consists of terephthalate of polyethylene (PET) or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).
    [10]
    10. Composite plate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the u-protrusion of the barrier film (4, 4a, 4b) in addition to the functional element (5) is at least 0, 5 mm, preferably at least
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 42/55
    3/4
    2 mm, particularly preferably at least 5 mm, and in particular at least 10 mm.
    [11]
    Composite plate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the u-protrusion of the barrier film (4, 4a, 4b) in addition to the functional element (5) is less than 50 mm , preferably less than 30 mm, and particularly preferably less than 20 mm.
    [12]
    Composite plate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the barrier films (4, 4a, 4b) are joined together at least in sections in the region of the u-ledge, preferably glued to each other or welded to each other.
    [13]
    13. Composite plate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the barrier films (4, 4a, 4b) having the functional element (5) and are joined together, preferably glued over its entire surface in the region of the projection in u.
    [14]
    Composite plate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the functional element (5) and the barrier film (4, 4a, 4b) are circumferentially surrounded by a third layer intermediate (3c).
    [15]
    15. Method for producing a composite plate of the type defined in any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized by the fact that at least
    a) an outer plate (1), a first intermediate layer (3a), a functional element (5) having electrically controllable optical properties, a second intermediate layer (3b), and an inner plate (2) are arranged one above the other in that order, with a barrier film being disposed between the functional element and the intermediate layer, and
    b) the outer plate (1) and the inner plate (2) are joined by lamination, an intermediate layer with an embedded functional element (5) being formed from the first intermediate layer (3a) and the second intermediate layer ( 3b).
    [16]
    16. Method according to claim 15, characterized by the fact that before step a), a first barrier film (4a) and the first layer
    Petition 870190049905, of 05/28/2019, p. 43/55
    4/4 intermediate (3a) and / or a second barrier film (4b) and the second intermediate layer (3b) are glued together.
    [17]
    17. Method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that in step a), a third intermediate layer (3c) that surrounds the functional element (5) is arranged between the first intermediate layer (3a) and the second intermediate layer (3b).
    [18]
    18. Use of a composite plate (100) of the type defined in any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it is like a windshield or roof panel of a vehicle and the electrically controllable functional element (5) as a sun visor .
    [19]
    19. Use of a composite plate (100) having an electrically controllable functional element (5) of the type defined in any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it is like an inner glass or an outer glass in a vehicle or construction and the electrically controllable functional element (5) as a solar screen or as a privacy screen.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN109073928A|2018-12-21|
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    MX2019012148A|2019-11-21|
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    ES2858848T3|2021-09-30|
    CA3058801A1|2018-10-18|
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    法律状态:
    2021-10-13| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP17166235|2017-04-12|
    PCT/EP2018/054897|WO2018188844A1|2017-04-12|2018-02-28|Composite plate comprising functional element having electrically controllable optical properties|
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